Chapter 5 Questions

Topics:
1. The process of transduction consists of the brian taking the surrounding environment and interpreting it. The sensory receptors producing a neural impulse when it receives physical or chemical stimulation.
2. Threshold is how much you  need in order to get a response. Absolute threshold is the minimum stimulus that must happen before experiencing a sensation. Difference in threshold is the minimum change in volume in order to detect the difference.
3. The receptors for sound are in the Basilar membrane of the cochlea. By the vibration of sound waves in this membrane hairs on the cells bend activating receptors for sound.
4. The three psychological dimensions for color are Hue, Brightness, and saturation. Hue depends on light's dominant wavelength, brightness is the colors intensity, and saturation is the colors purity.
5.  Oposite color is the sensitivity to difference. Our visual system exaggerates contrast and makes boundaries more prominent.
Question:
1. Hits is being correct, saying yes when the stimulus is present. False alarm is being incorrect, saying yes when no stimulus is present. Participants can have response bias, for example if they have a tendency to say yes the hit and false alarm both go up.  The researchers then graph this and the farther they are away from being equal the higher the sensitivity to the signal.
2. Light is transformed into neural signals in the outer segment of the Rods and Cones. First light hits the retina and then travels to the Rods and Cones. Then i reaches the ganglion cells which collectively their axons create the optic nerve which carries the action potential to the thalamus which in turn send the signal down to the left and right visual cortex.
3. Color is a human observer property. Color depends on three underlined components cones sensitivity to light, wavelength and differences in light. Shorter wave lengths appear blue to violet, medium length waves appear yellows to greens and longer waves appear reds to oranges. There are three different cones . Each cone has the receptors for either short, medium, or long wave lengths.
4. The fact that we can see two objects of the same length appear to be different hight indicates that our ability to perceive the identity of an object is somewhat separate from our perception of the location. You perceive images in your temporal lobe and you locate them in the Parietal lobe.  For example people who suffer from damage to the temporal lobe suffer from Agnosia, they can look at an object and not know what it is but they do know where it is.
5. We are able to perceive objects in three dimensional by our depth perception.  The closer the object is the higher the difference the better detection of the object. We have binocular disparity that is greatest for objects that are near and gets smaller for objects that are farther away.